Global Perspectives: A Handbook for Understanding Global Issues
Author: Ann Kelleher
This book provides a multidisciplinary vocabulary for explaining general issues and trends facing the contemporary world involving cultural diversity, economic development, the natural environment, and international peace and violence. It affords equal time to the analysis of global issues using alternative perspectives.
Eight major case studies–one for each of the central issues explored–encourage the application of concepts and perspectives presented in the narrative. These perspectives include Ethnicity and Global Diversity, Economic Development, Human Ecological Sustainability, World Ecology, and Peace and War.
For individuals interested in an introduction to world issues–as they relate to anthropology, sociology, history, and political science.
Table of Contents:
Preface xiIntroduction to the Modern World 1
Perceptions of the World 2
The Physical World 2
The Political World 3
The Ethnic World 3
Emergence of the Modern World 3
The World in 1350 4
Early European Expansion: 1400s to Early 1600s 6
Later European Expansion: 1600s to Early 1900s 7
Definition of the Modern State 9
Territory 9
Government 10
A Loyal Population 10
Recognition of Other States 11
Trends in the Post-World War II World 11
U.S. Leadership 11
The Soviet Challenge 13
The End of Colonialism 14
Increasing Interconnections 15
Globalization 15
Exponential Increases in International Economic Transactions 16
Integration of International/Global Economic Decision Making 16
Strengthened Political International Governmental Organizations 17
Increases in International Nongovernmental Contacts and Communication 17
Terms and Concepts 18
Discussion Questions 19
Research Projects 19
Internet Resources 19
Ethnicity and Global Diversity 20
Culture: The Definition of Humanity 21
Culture Change 22
Culture and Economic Adaptations 24
Cultures, Subcultures, and Other Cultural Classifications 26
Ethnic Groups 26
Indigenous Peoples 27
Immigration 28
Races 30
Sex 31
Gender 32
Religions 33
Civilizations 33
Classes 34
Reactions to Diversity 35
Ethocentrism 35
Cultural Relativity 35
Racism and Sexism 36
Case Study: Female Genital Surgery 36
Ethnocentrism 40
Gender/Sex 40
Summary 41
Terms and Concepts 41
Discussion Questions 42
Research Projects 42
Internet Resources 42
Perspectives on Ethnicity and Global Diversity 44
Global Primacy 45
Assimilation 46
Acculturation 46
Syncretism 47
State Primacy 48
Patriotism 48
Subjugation 49
Paternalism 49
Critiques from the Global Primacy Perspective 50
Cultural Primacy 51
Tolerance 51
Diversity Within States 52
Diversity Between States 52
Critiques from the Global Primacy and State Primary Perspectives 54
Synthesis 54
Case Study: Nunavut: A New Territory for an Indigenous Nation 54
Foraging Cultures 55
Changes 56
Inuit Nationalism 57
The Territory of Nunavut 58
Analysis 59
Perspectives Applied to Nunavut 60
A View from the Global Primacy Perspective 61
A View from the State Primacy Perspective 62
A View from the Cultural Primacy Perspective 63
Terms and Concepts 64
Discussion Questions 65
Research Projects 65
Internet Resources 65
Economic Development and Structural Poverty 66
Defining the Issue 68
Underdevelopment: A Vicious Cycle 72
Dual Economy 72
Low Productivity 73
Insufficient Capital 73
Lack of Human Services 74
The Colonial Legacy 76
Outside Interventions 78
Trade 78
Aid 79
Private Investment 79
Technical Assistance 80
Contributing Factors 80
Insufficient Natural Resources 81
Explosive Population Growth 81
Lack of Social Cohesion 84
Corruption 85
Case Study: Namibia as a Developing Country 86
Political and Social Factors 87
Interrelated, Structural Economic Factors 88
External Sources of Capital 91
Summary 92
Terms and Concepts 92
Discussion Questions 92
Research Projects 93
Internet Resources 93
Perspectives on Economic Development 94
Liberal Economics 94
Comparative Advantage 95
Policies Needed 95
Dependency 97
Structural Inequality-Neocolonialism 97
Government Intervention 98
International Economic System 99
Critique from the Liberal Economics Perspective 101
Participatory Development 102
Local Decision Making 103
Available Technology 103
Environmental Compatibility 104
Critiques from the Liberal Economics and Dependency Perspectives 105
Case Study: From Peasants to Farmers-Development in the Peruvian Highlands 106
A Tale of Two Irrigation Channels 107
Local Initiative 108
Summary 110
The Three Economic Perspectives Applied to the Case Study 110
A View from the Liberal Economics Perspective 110
A View from the Dependency Perspective 111
A View from the Participatory Development Perspective 111
Terms and Concepts 112
Discussion Questions 112
Research Projects 113
Internet Resources 113
Health of the Planet: Health of the People 114
Ecosystems: The Nature of Environment 114
Interrelationship of Environmental Systems 115
Humans and the Environment 116
Foraging 116
Pastoralism 117
Farming 117
Industrialism 117
Threats to Critical Resources 118
Air 118
Water 122
Land 124
Plants and Animals 126
Resources in Balance 129
Human Health 129
Diseases 129
Healthcare 131
Malnutrition 132
Case Study: Brazil and the Tropical Rain Forest 133
Amazonian Environment 134
Economic Uses of the Amazon 135
Indigenous Peoples 137
Analysis 139
Terms and Concepts 139
Discussion Questions 140
Research Projects 140
Internet Resources 140
Perspectives on Global Health 141
High-Technology Perspective 142
Shared-Technology Perspective 145
Critique from the High-Technology Perspective 146
Appropriate-Technology Perspective 147
Critiques from the High-Technology and Shared-Technology Perspectives 149
Case Study: New Epidemics 150
Perils of a Global Ecosystem 151
Humans and Animals in the New Ecosystem 153
Bioterrorism: Poisoning the Ecosystem 155
Perspectives on the New Epidemics 156
A View from the High-Technology Perspective 156
A View from the Shared-Technology Perspective 158
A View from the Appropriate-Technology Perspective 159
Terms and Concepts 160
Discussion Questions 161
Research Projects 161
Internet Resources 161
Peace and War 162
Anarchic Nature of the International System 163
Sovereignty 164
International Anarchy 164
Power 165
Interconnected Nature of the International System 166
Model of Peace and War 169
War Strategies 170
Balance-of-Power Strategies 176
International-Rule-of-Law Strategies 180
Case Study: Gulf Wars I and II 184
Macro Factors Causing the Wars 184
Micro Analysis 187
Legacy 188
Terms and Concepts 189
Discussion Questions 189
Research Projects 190
Internet Resources 190
Perspectives on Peace and War 191
State Sovereignty 192
Deterrence and Military Power Paradoxes 193
World Order 194
One World 194
Functional Interdependence 195
U.S. Leadership 195
World Government 195
Critique from the State-Sovereignty Perspective 196
Ethnic Autonomy 196
Critiques from the State-Sovereignty and World-Order Perspectives 198
Case Study: The War in Bosnia-Three Peoples in Search of a State 198
A Tangle of Participants 199
The Dayton Accord 205
Analysis 209
Peace and War Perspectives Applied to the War in Bosnia 210
A View from the State Sovereignty Perspective 210
A View from the World Order Perspective 212
A View from the Ethnic Autonomy Perspective 213
Terms and Concepts 215
Discussion Questions 215
Research Projects 215
Internet Resources 215
Glossary 217
References Cited 227
Index 234
Interesting book: Neiman Marcus Cookbook or The French Dont Diet Plan
Microeconomics: A Contemporary Introduction
Author: William A McEachern
Succeed with the Study Guide for MICROECONOMICS: A CONTEMPORARY INTRODUCTION. This Study Guide includes chapter outlines, definitions of all terms, a bonus section with supplemental material, and a variety of true-false, multiple-choice, and discussion questions with answers.
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